in my opening opening sequence LED lights , reflector and few dim external lights will be used since most of the scenes will be shot in bedroom, the lights will be warm and dim , not too bright.

Day light will be used in only one of the scenes .

Sitting in complete sorrow and misery, a grieving husband is going through his wedding pictures after the suicide of his insane wife who shot her self on the day they both got married. He gets a flashback of the day she killed herself and wakes up startling, by the rapid knock on his gate. He walks to his cctv screen to see who it is. He drops his glasses and bends down to pick them up after which his dead wife appears in the cctv camera – who was invisible to him. He goes back to his room and lays down. He senses a presence and with heavy breathing when looks on top of him he sees his dead wife pointing the gun to him .

My film focuses on an insane bride who has shot herself on the day of her wedding. after her painful and unexpected suicide , the grieving husband has a flashback after which his dead wife attempts on killing him.

          DIRECTOR RESEARCH 

         James Wan       

James wan is an Australian film producer, screenwriter and film director of Malaysian Chinese descent. He was born in February 26 1977 in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. he graduated from RMIT with a Bachelor of Arts in Media in 1998.  He is widely known for directing the horror film Saw (2004) and creating Billy the puppet. Wan has also directed Dead Silence (2007), Death Sentence (2007), Insidious (2010), The Conjuring (2013) and Furious 7 (2015), The Nun (2018), Lights out (2016).

Before his success in the mainstream film industry, he made his first feature-length film, Stygian, with Shannon Young, which won “Best Guerrilla Film” at the Melbourne Underground Film Festival (MUFF) in 2000. Prior to 2003, Wan and Leigh Whannell had begun writing a script based for a horror film, citing inspiration from their dreams and fears. Upon completing the script, Leigh and James had wanted to select an excerpt from their script, later to be known as Saw (2004), and film it to pitch their film to studios. With the help of Charlie Clouser, who had composed the score for the film, and a few stand-in actors, Leigh and James shot the film with relatively no budget. Leigh had decided to star in the film as well. 

 After the release of the full-length Saw (2004), the film was met with overwhelming success in the box office both domestically and internationally. The film ended up grossing 55 million dollars in America, and 48 million dollars in other countries, totaling over $103 million worldwide. This was over 100 million dollars profit, over 80 times the production budget. This green-lit the sequel Saw II (2005), and later the rest of the Saw franchise based on the yearly success of the previous installment. Since its inception, Saw (2004) has become the highest grossing horror franchise of all time worldwide in unadjusted dollars. In the United States only, Saw (2004) is the second highest grossing horror franchise, behind only the Friday the 13th (1980) films by a margin of $10 million. In 2007, he went on to broaden his filmography with another horror movie, Dead Silence, and the action drama Death Sentence. Having worked on his last three films back to back, Wan told Crave Online that he is ready for “a bit of time off just to chill, but at the same time I’m using this opportunity to write again.” 

Overall he is quite a modern director with many different and new ideas which link very well to the conventions of the horror genre. Examples of his work include the iconic Clown Puppet known as “Jigsaw” from the Saw Franchise, “Billy” the puppet in Dead Silence, and the well-known “Annabelle” Doll in the Conjuring. All these uses of puppets and dolls are examples of James Wan’s idea of using somewhat inanimate objects and putting a twist on them making and giving them a deadly and generally quite scary feel, very much like the “Chucky Doll” that was used in the 1988 movie Childs Play. This is a rather unique turn compared to the typical use of scary monsters or masked serial killers that old horror films tend to use. Altogether the use of these dolls is what makes much of his movies very memorable as they are very unique in their style and really evoke certain fears and ideas that weren’t as explored yet.  Across all his movies James Wan uses a whole range of techniques and styles to really engage the audience into the film they’re watching. Especially in his horror films he uses a wide range of camera shots and cuts to really grab the audience and immerse them into the movie. Examples of this are the constant close ups on character’s faces to really get and see the emotion of the character at that current moment. This really gets the audience to in many way empathize with the character, making them feel their fright and fear.

 Also the use of rapid sequencing in many of his films as tension builds up within the narrative really makes the audience feel on edge. Specifically in “The Conjuring” James really liked the idea of having a horror movie be based on a true story with real life events that happened to people that are still around today. This is why during the Conjuring he set out to make it as scary but also as realistic as possible so he worked alongside Lorraine Warren, a supernatural investigator and the person who the film is based on. 

Wan’s point speaks to that old Hitchcock adage about letting audience imagination do the extra work: suspense lies in the anticipation, not the reveal, and the reveal is best built through sound rather than a solitary reliance on the image. Wan and his longtime writing partner Leigh Wannell explain in this interview how they’re not fans of “false scares,” of creating arbitrary moments of suspense that don’t serve the overall arc of the horror story. This is a particularly instructive lesson for movies. Too many false scares reveals the inherent falseness of being scared in a movie theater, of being affected by what amounts to a series of flickering images of staged events projected onscreen. 

False scares are gimmicks, and the audience and filmmakers know it. So, if you can’t be sincere about your scares, you aren’t sincere about your movie, and your audience won’t treat it seriously in turn. Wan here wrestles with the fact that one can grow as a filmmaker with subsequent works whether or not those subsequent works are received or seen as constitutive of a filmmaker’s identity. Death Sentence may have been a more polished directorial effort for Wan, but he was more closely associated with Saw. It wasn’t until the success of Insidious that other people saw him how he saw himself: as a filmmaker genuinely and thoroughly interested in mastering stylistic tools to build suspense, not creating cheap shocks for audiences with gore. 

This really helped him recreate the events of her story but also add the intensity and conventions that the horror genre is known for. This ultimately making a generally scary film and did very well in the box office. With Insidious and The, Wan found himself the modern master of the supernatural haunted house thriller. James Wan is the successful director helming his first sequel, Insidious Chapter 2, and Wan has signed on to make the next entry in the recently revived Fast/Furious franchise. Point being, Wan has proven himself against the limitations of the subgenre constraints he helped create, showing that he is a filmmaker interested in appealing to mass audiences through a variety of popular genres.

Wan’s career is, in many ways, an index for the trials and travails of working in both independent and studio filmmaking. But the good thing is that his tale is also a success story demonstrating that true talent can prevail over the aforementioned constraints. Wan is certainly a filmmaker who has learned a great many of his own lessons over his career, and we’re the ones who benefit from that knowledge.

A FILM GENRE is a motion-picture category based on similarities either in the story, history elements or in the emotional response to the film which involves serious, comic, etc. Most theories of film genre borrow from literary genre criticism. Each film genre is associated with “conventions, iconography, settings, narratives, characters and actors”. A film’s genre will influence the use of film making styles and techniques, such as the use of flashbacks and low-key lighting in film noir, tight framing in horror films, fonts that look like rough-hewn logs for the titles. Genres have associated film scoring conventions, such as lush string orchestras for romantic melodramas or electronic music for science-fiction films.  Film genres draw on genres from other forms like Western novels existed before the Western film, and musical theatre existed before film musicals were made. The perceived genre of a film can change over time; for example, The Great Train Robbery (1903) is seen in the 2010s as a key early Western film, but when it was released, it was seen as related to the “then-popular genres of the chase film, the railroad film and the crime film”.A key reason that the early Hollywood industrial system from the 1920s to the 1950s favoured genre films is that in “Hollywood’s industrial mode of production, genre movies are dependable products” to market to audiences, they are easy to produce and it is easy for audiences to understand a genre film. In the 1920s to 1950s, genre films had clear conventions and iconography, such as the heavy coats worn by gangsters in films like Little Caesar (1931).The conventions in genre films enable filmmakers to create them in an industrial, assembly line fashion, an approach which can be seen in the James Bond spy films, which all use a formula of “lots of action, fancy gadgets, beautiful woman and colourful villains”, even though the actors, directors and screenwriters changed.

                                                           TYPES OF GENRES ;

There are numerous types of genres. Some of the main genres are;

• ​Action Genre

Action is a film genre in which the protagonist or protagonists are thrust into a series of events that typically include violence, extended fighting, physical feats, and frantic chases for example car chases or explosions, genre where action sequences, stunts, take precedence over elements like characterization or complex plotting. Action films tend to feature a resourceful hero struggling against incredible odds, which include life-threatening situations, a villain, or a pursuit which usually concludes in victory for the hero. Advancements in CGI have made it cheaper and easier to create action sequences and other visual effects that required the efforts of professional stunt crews in the past. However, reactions to action films containing significant amounts of CGI have been mixed, as films that use computer animations to create unrealistic. Common action scenes in films are generally, but not limited to, explosions, car chases, fistfights, and shootouts. This genre is closely associated with the thriller and adventure genres, and they may also contain elements of drama and spy fiction.

• Comedy Genre

A comedy film is a genre of film in which the main emphasis is on humor.These films are designed to make the audience laugh through amusement and most often work by exaggerating characteristics for humorous effect.Films in this style traditionally have a happy ending. One of the oldest genres in film and derived from the classical comedy in theatre, some of the very first silent movies were comedies, as slapstick comedy often relies on visual depictions, without requiring sound. When sound films became more prevalent during the 1920s, comedy films took another swing, as laughter could result from burlesque and parody situations but also dialogue. The Sprinkler Sprinkled was the first comedy film made in 1895, and a one minute short film Tables Turned On The Gardener which was also filmed in 1895.

• Crime Genre 

Crime fiction is a genre of fiction that deals with crimes, their detection, criminals, and their motives. First there is the crime usually a murder, then there is the investigation and finally the outcome or judgement, often in the shape of the criminals arrest or death. detective story, murder mystery. In the early 1930s Little Caesar (1931), The Public Enemy (1931), and Scarface (1932) are the few examples of crimes movies filmed in the history. 

• Drama Genre

 drama films are serious presentations or stories with settings or life situations that portray realistic characters in conflict with either themselves, others, or forces of nature. A dramatic film shows us human beings at their best, their worst, and everything in-between.

• Horror Genre 

Horror is a genre of speculative fiction which is intended to frighten, scare, disgust, or startle its readers by inducing feelings of horror and terror . They can feature supernatural elements such as ghosts, witches, or vampires, or they can address more realistic psychological fears. The first horror film on record is Le Manoir du Diable (1896), created by one of films earliest visionaries, Georges Méliès.

• Sci-fi 

  SUB GENRE ; 

Sub-Genres are more specific subclasses of the larger category of main film genres, with their own distinctive subject matter, style, formulas, and iconography. Some of them are prominent sub-genres, such as biopics, ‘chick’ flicks, courtroom dramas, detective/mystery films, disaster films, fantasy films, film noir, ‘guy’ films, melodramas, road films, romances, superhero films, sports films, supernatural films, thrillers/suspense, and zombie-horror films. 

HYBRID GENRE ; 

A movie is a hybrid genre when instead of focusing exclusively on one genre, it blends two or more recognizable genres together. Many directors like aspects of one genre as well characteristics of another but don’t want to be limited to one genre. Hybrid genre refers to a combination of two or more stylistic, themed categories. Such merging may occur in art, music,
 

My Genre ;            HORROR

Sub genres of horror film include ; 

Action horror

Action horror is subgenre combining the intrusion of an evil force, event, or personage of horror movies with the weapon fights and frenetic chases of the action genre. Themes or elements often prevalent in typical action-horror films include gore, demons, aliens, vicious animals, vampires, and, most commonly, zombies. This category also fuses the fantasy genre. Examples include: Aliens, Predator, Dog Soldiers, Blade, From Dusk till Dawn, I Saw the Devil, Resident Evil, Feast, Train to Busan, The Purge series, and Upgrade.

Body horror

In body horror, a.k.a. squick, the horror is principally derived from the graphic destruction or degeneration of the body. Other types of body horror include unnatural movements, or the anatomically incorrect placement of limbs to create ‘monsters’ out of human body parts. David Cronenberg is one of the notable directors of the genre. Body horror films include: Starry Eyes, Videodrome, Dead Ringers, Contracted, The Thing, The Fly, and American Mary.

Comedy horror

Comedy horror Combines elements of comedy and horror fiction. The comedy horror genre often crosses over with the black comedy genre and are occasionally also horror films with a lower rating aimed at a family audience. The short story The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving is cited as “the first great comedy-horror story”. Examples of comedy horror films include: The Comedy of Terrors, An American Werewolf in London, Beetlejuice, Jennifer’s Body, Teeth, Nina Forever, Slither, The Evil Dead, Army of Darkness, Shaun of the Dead, Zombieland, Scary Movie and Idle Hands. Gremlins, ParaNorman, and Ghostbusters were examples of comedy horror films aimed at a family audience.

Cyber horror 

A cyber horror film’s narrative is told entirely through a computer or any similar or more advanced form of technology, or utilizes technology as a key plot element. Examples include Unfriended, Pulse, Friend Request, and The Den. 

Folk horror

“Common folk horror characteristics include a rural setting, an emphasis on the eerie power of the natural landscape and a preoccupation with the sinister possibilities of the agrarian way of life.”[143] Examples are the short story Children of the Corn (1977) and the derivative film franchise, and the films Witchfinder General (1968), The Blood on Satan’s Claw (1971), Straw Dogs (1971), Deliverance (1972), and The Wicker Man (1973).

Holiday horror

Holiday horror depicts horror events which are set during a holiday or holiday season. It often involves a psychopathic killer stalking a sequence of victims in a violent manner. It is set during Christmas, Halloween, Valentine’s Day, April Fools’ Day, or Thanksgiving. Examples include: Silent Night, Deadly Night, Black Christmas, Halloween, My Bloody Valentine, Home Sweet Home, April Fool’s Day, Valentine, Trick ‘r Treat, Krampus, and All Through the House.

Horror adventure

Horror adventure blends expeditions, exploration, exotic places and other adventure elements in a horror setting. Examples include: King Kong, The Descent, Silent Hill, Jaws, Cannibal Holocaust, and Anaconda.

Horror drama

Horror drama focuses on imperiled characters dealing with realistic emotional struggles, often involving dysfunctional family relations, in a horror setting. The film’s horror elements often serve as a backdrop to an unraveling dramatic plot. Examples include: Dark Water, The Exorcism of Emily Rose, Lights Out, The Babadook, The Fly, It, Let the Right One In, Antichrist, Excision, Mama, The Sixth Sense, and Audition.

Psychological horror

Psychological horror relies on characters’ fears, guilt, beliefs, eerie sound effects, atmosphere, relevant music, emotional instability and at times, the supernatural and ghosts, to build tension, scare and further the plot. Notable psychological horror films include: Experiment Perilous, Repulsion, Rosemary’s Baby, The Shining, May, The Silence of the Lambs, Credo, Hide and Seek, Audition, Black Swan, The Changeling, A Tale of Two Sisters, Silent Hill, and The Uninvited.

Science fiction horror

Science fiction horror revolves around subjects that include but are not limited to killer aliens, mad scientists, and/or experiments gone wrong. Examples include: Frankenstein, Species, Mimic, Alien, The Fly, The Thing, The Blob, Apollo 18, Event Horizon, and Resident Evil.

Slasher film

Slasher films often revolve around a serial killer who systematically murders people through violent means. Examples include: Psycho, The Texas Chain Saw Massacre, Peeping Tom, Black Christmas, Halloween, Friday the 13th, A Nightmare on Elm Street, Child’s Play, and Scream.

Splatter film

Splatter films deliberately focus on graphic portrayals of gore and graphic violence. Through the use of special effects and excessive blood and guts, they tend to display an overt interest in the vulnerability of the human body and the theatricality of its mutilation. Examples of splatter horror films include: Inside, Train, The Human Centipede, Hostel, Saw, Blood Feast, Storm Warning, and Maniac.

Supernatural horror

Supernatural horror includes menacing ghosts, demons, or other depictions of supernatural occurrences. Supernatural horror films often combine elements of religion into the plot. Common themes include vengeful ghosts, witches, the devil, and demonic possession. Examples include: Night of the Demon, The Ring, The Grudge, The Amityville Horror, It, The Omen, The Exorcist, Paranormal Activity, Poltergeist, The Blair Witch Project, The Conjuring, Hereditary, Sinister, and Suspiria.

Horror thriller

Horror thriller is a subgenre that contains the elements of the horror genre (ghosts, killers, psychopaths, and monster) with the tension buildup of the thriller genre. Examples include The Invitation, Wolf Creek, Don’t Breathe, Joy Ride, Julia’s Eyes, A Quiet Place, Get Out, Killer Toon, Velvet Buzzsaw, and Ready or Not.

Gothic horror

Gothic horror is a type of story that contains elements of gothic and horror. At times it may have romance that unfolds in the setting of a horror tale, usually suspenseful. Some of the earliest horror movies were of this subgenre. Examples include: Dracula, Sleepy Hollow, The Others, The Phantom of the Opera, Interview with the Vampire, Kill, Baby, Kill, Nosferatu, and Crimson Peak.

Natural horror

Natural horror is a subgenre of horror films “featuring nature running amok in the form of mutated beasts, carnivorous insects, and normally harmless animals or plants turned into cold-blooded killers.” This genre may sometimes overlap with the science fiction and action and adventure genres. Examples include: Cat People, The Curse of the Cat People, The Leopard Man, The Birds, Jaws, Piranha, Bats, Lake Placid, Rogue, Alligator, Black Water, and more recently Crawl

Zombie films

Zombie films feature creatures who are usually portrayed as either reanimated corpses or mindless human beings. Distinct sub genres have evolved, such as the zombie comedy, which may or may not retain a significant horror theme, and often crosses into black comedy. Examples include: I Walked with a Zombie, White Zombie, Night of the Living Dead, Dawn of the Dead, REC, 28 Days Later, Deadgirl, Dead Snow, Night of the Creeps, and Messiah of Evil.

Found footage horror

The found footage horror film “technique” is sometimes referred to as a subgenre which involves giving the audience a first person view of the story that is discovered from an original recording source within the plot. Recording film in this way merges the audience with the character’s experiences inducing suspense, shock, and bafflement.[145] Examples of first-person horror include Nightcall, The Blair Witch Project (1999), Paranormal Activity (2007), Cloverfield (2008), and Devil’s Due (2014). 

Teen horror

Teen horror is a horror subgenre that victimizes teenagers while usually promoting strong, anti-conformity teenage leads, appealing to young generations. This subgenre often depicts themes of sex, under-aged drinking, and gore. It was most popular in 1964 and 1965. 

Superhero horror

Superhero horror is a genre combining superhero film tropes, clichés, and styles into a horror scenario. Examples include Blade, Brightburn, The New Mutants, and Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness.

CODES AND CONVENTIONS ;

Codes and Conventions in the Horror genre Horror films are unsettling films made to frighten and panic their audience but entertain them at the same time. Films have different codes and conventions that separate them into genres and sub- genres but most horror films have similar codes and conventions and specific symbols to make up the films iconography which allows the audience to identify the genre. Some horror films however, challenge these conventions to make the film original and unpredictable. Different aspects of media texts are made to set the horror genre: narrative, characters, settings, props, colours, costume, lighting and sound.

Narrative structure and themesNarrative structure and themes ; • Death and murder • Revenge • Religious beliefs • Survival • Supernatural e.g. curses Todorov’s narrative theory This is the theory which explains the order the narrative is shown: 1) Equilibrium 2) Disruption 3) Recognition 4) Attempt to repair 5) Equilibrium In a trailer, there is usually a quick shot of the equilibrium shown at the start and the disruption is then the main focus. There will be some elements which show the attempt to repair, however usually there is no equilibrium shown at the end as this would reveal too much to the audience as a trailer is all about creating an enigma to make the audience want to watch the film and find out what happens.

Characters The main characters which feature in a horror film include: • The protagonist- This is usually played by a female actor as they are stereotypical represented as intelligent and sensible. • The antagonist- In a lot of horror films, the antagonist is played by one main character which sometimes has a few ‘helpers’ with them to try and kill the protagonist for example in The Purge and in The Strangers. • The sex appeal- This is played by a good looking women who it usually the first to be killed e.g. in Cabin in the Woods • The unlikely hero- The character which the audience think is the hero due to their skills and role in the film but then gets killed Example film: Cabin in the woods The Protagonist- Dana and Marty The Antagonist- The Ancient Ones The Sex appeal- Jules The unlikely here- Curt Like any other film, horror films try to use characters that the audience will be able to relate to as they are more likely to find it interesting and realistic.

Mise en SceneSettings ; In a horror film the setting could be located anywhere. However, the most stereotypical setting is usually in an abandoned or isolated setting for example in the woods or in a home in the middle of nowhere. These are the most used settings as it creates tension and suspense for the audience, knowing that something is going to happen as they know the victims are alone with the villain. Lighting Low key lighting is often used in horror films to create darkness and an eerie atmosphere. As well as this, darkness makes the audience feel more tense and vulnerable as they are unable to see into the darkness and people are scared of the unknown which is a purpose of a horror film/trailer. Also, artificial lighting is used to create shadows and silhouettes to create enigma for the audience so they carry on watching.

Costumes ; Costumes should make the characters role recognisable for the audience. The antagonists in horror films are usually dark to fit in with the typical semantic field of mystery and the protagonists tend to wear light colours to represent hope. Some costumes become very iconic for example, the scream mask, where when we see the face outside the film, we automatically think of this film. Props • Fake blood • Weapons to suggest danger and violence e.g. knives, guns and saws. They also show fear of the victim and also make the audience feel scared as they represent violence so therefore danger e.g. in the film The Texas Chainsaw massacre. • Masks- used to hide the killers identity e.g. in the film The Purge

 Colours Horror films usually use colours which connote death, danger and darkness e.g. the most stereotypical colours used are black white or red. Red- danger, the devil, blood, threats, violence Black- mystery, darkness, power, evil, fear, death. However, black also links to the phrase ‘black sheep’ which is an outcast from society, therefore this is often used in horror films to represent the villain as being neglected from society. White- isolating, empty, detachment, innocence, coldness I researched into the text used in trailers and I found out that the colours used are usually white writing on a black background or red on a black background. However, no matter what the colour is, the same colour scheme is used throughout the trailer and text to create a semantic field of danger and evilness throughout.

Sound Non- diegetic sound ; Is always used in the background of scenes and it is one of the most important conventions of the horror genre as it is what makes the film tense for the audience. Slow placed non diegetic sound, usually a piano or violin sound, is used to create a creepy and eerie atmospheres, build suspense and change the mood for the audience. Synchronous sound is also popular in the horror genre as it is sound which is exaggerated to help scare and make the audience jump as it is very sudden and loud. Example film: Woman in Black When the girl steps on the china on the floor and it smashes- this makes the audience jump as it is unexpected.

I chose this genre because terror interests me. It creates a tension and an atmosphere of fear, error, thriller. I like how the story develops in this genre and every little detail is exposed. Horror movies keeps the viewer interacted and connected at every stage. One of my best loved horror movies are The Conjuring , The Saw, The Paranormal Activity and the list never ends .

INSTITUTION RESEARCH      

                                                            THE WALT DISNEY  

The Walt Disney productions were introduced in1923 in California. It was an American cooperation which was best known for producing family friendly entertainment in the 20^th and 21^st centuries. It was one of the biggest media conglomerates with such remarkable holdings as  ABC, Pixar, marvel entertainment and 20^th century fox. The Walt Disney company began as a joint venture between Walt Disney and his brother Roy. Within three years the company had produced two movies and purchased a studio in Hollywood. 

In the fist years of Disney’s, its career in animation began with the Kansas film ad company in Missouri in 1930. Laugh-o-gram film studios in Kansas City in 1922 were found and then the Walt Disney began producing a series of cartoons based on fables and fairy tales. Walt had made a cartoon in Kansas City about a little girl in a cartoon world, called Alice’s wonderland. Disney made his Alice Comedies for four years, but in 1927, he decided to move instead to an all-cartoon series. To star in this new series, he created a character named Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. Within a year, Walt made 26 of these Oswald cartoons. Unfortunately, pitfalls in distribution rights nearly sank the company. the Walt found an ideal piece of property on Hyperion avenue in Hollywood, built a studio and in 1926 moved his staff into a new facility .  It was at the Hyperion Studio, after the loss of Oswald, that Walt had to come up with a new character, and that character was Mickey Mouse. He partnered with Ub Iwerks, a gifted animator. Walt designed the famous mouse and gave him a personality that endeared him to all. 

 The studio’s streak of success continued in the 1930s, culminating with the 1937 release of the first feature-length animated film, Snow white and the seven dwarfs, which became a huge financial success

In the 1940s, Disney began experimenting with full-length live-action films, with the introduction of hybrid live action-animated films such as The Reluctant dragon in 1941 and the Song of South in 1946. That same decade, the studio began producing nature documentaries with the release of Seat Island in 1948, the first of the True life adventures series and a subsequent academy award winner for the best live action short film.

The film The Reluctant Dragon was released in the middle of the Disney animator’s strike of 1941. Strikers picketed the film’s premiere with signs that attacked Disney for unfair business practices, low pay, lack of recognition, and favoritism. At one theater, sympathizers paraded down the street wearing a “dragon costume bearing the legend ‘The Reluctant Disney ‘“.Critics and audiences were put off by the fact that the film was not a new Disney animated feature in the vein of Snow white and the Seven dwarfs or Pinocchio but essentially a collection of four short cartoons and various live-action films. The Reluctant dragon cost $600,000 to make and returned $960,000 with $460,000 being generated in the U.S. and Canada. Disney released The Reluctant Dragon along with the short Morris and the Midget Moose and again the following years part of the Walt Disney mini classics-series.

The movie Song of the South grossed $3.3 million at the box office. Although the film was a financial success, the film netted the studio a profit of $226,000 ($2.83 million in 2017 dollars).

Disney nature is an independent film unit of Walt Disney Studios that produces nature documentary films. The production company was founded on April 21, 2008, and is headquartered in Paris, France.  

The company’s nature films are consistently budgeted between $5 million to $10 million, with their distribution and marketing handled by Walt Disney Studios. The label’s event films are released. The eight Disney nature theatrical films have gross $151.6 million at the box office at an average $19 million with “Earth” the top earner at $32 million.

The continuing success of the studio emboldened Disney to make his riskiest move in 1934, when he began production on Snow White And Seven Dwarfs  (1937). Although not the first feature length animated cartoon. That honor probably goes to lotte Reiniger’s The Adventures Of Prince Achmed (1926). It was the first to receive widespread release and publicity. As much of a sensation as Steamboat Willie had been, Snow White revolutionized the industry and proved animation’s effectiveness as a vehicle for feature length stories. Disney advocated a realistic approach to the medium, as opposed to the anarchic style of other animation studios. Scenes in Disney cartoons were composed and framed as they would be for a live-action film, and surreal aspects of the characters were kept to a minimum. Although this approach provoked the criticism that Disney discouraged experimentation and limited animation’s possibilities, there is little question of its success in Snow White and the animated features that followed.

.   The feature-length cartoons Cinderella (1950), Alice in the Wonderland (1951), and Peter Pan (1953) were considered fine efforts, but many felt they lacked the panache and dimension of the early ’40s features. The Lady And The Tramp (1955) was a return to form, but Disney’s attention was by then increasingly devoted to live-action features, television productions, and his new theme park, Disneyland, which opened in 1955 in Anaheim, California. It was also about then that Disney established the distribution company Buena Vista Productions in order to ensure complete control over his films and their marketing.

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I am Amna Faheem 18 years old, from Karachi, Pakistan and This is my blog for Media Studies AS level and your are welcome here !

I developed my passion for films and photography since i was a little kid by watching my few family photographers taking amazing picture , going for shoots. It was my dream to be able to hold camera like them one day and here I am , making my own Blog.